The windshield washer pump is a critical component of your vehicle’s cleaning system. It is responsible for drawing washer fluid from the reservoir and directing it through hoses to the windshield nozzles. This allows the driver to clean the windshield with a simple press of a button. The pump operates as a small DC motor, often located beneath the washer fluid reservoir. When activated by the driver, the body control module (BCM) sends a signal to power the pump, ensuring the fluid is sprayed to keep the windshield clean.
Over time, the windshield washer pump can encounter various issues, preventing it from functioning correctly. A common problem is clogging, which occurs when incompatible washer fluids are mixed or when organic material accumulates in the washer reservoir. To avoid this, it’s important to use the same brand of washer fluid to prevent the formation of gel-like substances that could block hoses and nozzles, disrupting the fluid flow.
Several symptoms may indicate a failing windshield washer pump. One sign is uneven spraying, where the fluid is concentrated in one area or doesn’t reach the top of the windshield. This can happen if the nozzle or fluid line is blocked by dirt or debris. Another symptom is when the fluid doesn’t spray at all, which could either be due to an empty reservoir or a malfunctioning pump. In some cases, the pump may make a whining or humming sound, indicating it’s trying to operate, but no fluid is coming out.
If you activate the windshield washer and hear no sound at all, the pump might be broken or not receiving power. This could be due to faulty wiring or electrical issues. To diagnose this, you can check for power and ground at the pump’s connector. However, the washer pump can be difficult to access on some vehicles, making this a challenging task for DIY mechanics. Additionally, in cold weather, the nozzles themselves may freeze, preventing the fluid from spraying correctly. In such cases, thawing the nozzles may solve the problem, but frozen washer fluid could cause damage to the system.
Regular maintenance is essential for keeping the windshield washer pump in good working order. Ensuring that the fluid reservoir is adequately filled is important, as low fluid levels can lead to pump wear. It’s advisable to keep the reservoir at least half full and check the fluid level regularly. Using the same brand of washer fluid is also recommended to avoid issues with clogging. A good quality washer fluid that works in both winter and summer conditions can help prevent system failures and keep the windshield clean.
If your windshield washer pump malfunctions, it may be due to regular wear and tear, electrical issues, or a faulty component like a blown fuse or malfunctioning BCM. Diagnosing this problem can be tricky, as it may require a voltmeter or test light to check for power. In some cases, you may need to replace the pump, which is a relatively simple task for experienced car owners, although it can be challenging for those without automotive repair experience. The cost of replacing a windshield washer pump typically ranges from $10 to $120, depending on the brand and vehicle model.
